sturgeon



(No Model.) 2 SheetsSheet l.

C. J. STURGEON. ELECTRIC ELEVATOR.

No. 470,158. Patented Mar. 1, 1892.

(No Model.) 2 SheetsShee1: 2.

C. J. STURGEON. ELECTRIC ELEVATOR.

No. 470,158. Patented Mar. 1,1892.

WIL 55525 I v5 LU DW'Q/M U U UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

CARSON J. STURGEON, OF ERIE, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR TO THE KEY STONEELECTRIC COMPANY, OF SAME PLACE.

ELECTRIC ELEVATOR.

sPEcIFIOATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 470,158, dated March 1,1892. Application filed January 27, 1891- SerialNo.379,303. No model-TTo all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, CARSON J. STURGEON, a

citizen of the United States, residing at the city of Erie, in thecounty of Erie and State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new anduseful Improvementsin Electric-Elevator Mechanism; and I do herebydeclare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of theinvention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which itappertains to make and use the same, reference being had to theaccompanying drawings, and to the letters of reference marked thereon,forming part of this specification.

My invention consists in the improvements in electric-elevator mechanismhereinafter set forth and described, and illustrated in the accompanyingdrawings, in which-- Figure 1 is a perspective View of an electricelevator embodying my improvements. Figs. 2 and 3 are diagram figuresillustrative of the switch and motor mechanism and of the wireconnections to the same.

Like letters and figures refer to like parts in all of the figures.

The elevator illustrated in the drawings as embodying my invention is ofthe type known as a drum-elevator, in which the elevator car or platformis raised by winding a hoisting-cable attached thereto upon a drumactu-.

ated by an electric motor run in one direction and lowered by reversingthe electric motor and rotating the drum in the opposite direction, soas to unwind the hoisting-cable therefrom.

The principal objects of my invention are, first, to operatively combinewith an elevator an electric motor for actuating it, having thefield-magnets thereof wound with both series and shunt. coils, andcurrent controllingand reversing mechanism connected therewith, wherebysaid motor can be operated in series alone when the elevator-platform isbeing raised and in compound when the motor is reversed and theelevator-platfori'n is being lowered, or in compound both ways, as maybe desired, without the intervention of rhcostats or resistance-coils;second, to construct and combine a compound-wound motor and thecurrent-controlling mechanism thereof so that the full power of thecurrent may be turned directly into the motor when starting it with outthe intervention of a rheostat or of resistance-coils; third, toconstruct and operatively combine with an elevator and an electric motorfor actuating the same current controlling and reversing mechanismoperativelyconnected with the elevator break mechanism and adapted to beoperated from the elevator-platform to start, stop, and reverse themotor, as'desired,without the intervention of a rheostat or ofresistance-coils; fourth, to construct and operatively combine with acompound-wound electric motor cum rent controlling and reversingmechanism adapted to simultaneously turn on the current and cut theshunt field-magnet coils out of circuit for running the motor in onedirection and to likewise simultaneously turn the current through boththe shunt and series field-coils and reverse the direction of thecurrent through the armature for running the motor in the oppositedirection.

The other features of my invention are set forth hereinafter in thespecification and claims.

In the construction of my invention illustrated in the drawings, A isthe elevator-platform; 13, the hoisting cable; 0, the drum; D, theworm-wheel case; E, theworm-wheel shaft; E, the break-wheel; F, thecam-shaft operating the break f and actuated by the handrope G, passingaround and secured to the wheel 9 thereon, all of which parts are of atype in common use in drum-elevators, and I do not claim the same asmyinvention,as my invention is equally adapted to any type ofdrum-elevator.

In the construction shown in Fig.1 I secure a band-wheel H to theworm-wheel shaft E, from which a belt h runs to and around the pulley hon the armature-shaft i of the electric motor I, whereby power iscommiinicated from the motor I to the worm-wheel shaft E. The armature Kof the motor I is made either of the Gramme or Siemens type. Thefield-magnets J and J of the electric motor I are wound with both seriescoils j and shunt-coils j, the relative proportions of these coils toeach other being preferably as to the series coils j less and as to theshunt-coils j greater than is usual in compound-wound machines. Thesefield-coils} andj I wind in the same direction in parallel. The armature K is so connected upin series with the series field-magnet coilsj(the shupt field-coils j being shunted around the armature) that thecurrentfrom theiucoming line Nwhen turned into the motor first traversesthe series coils j and the shunt-coils in parallel in the same directionbefore the current passing-through the series coils j reaches theingoing armature-brush, and after passing through the armature K itpasses from the outgoing armatare-brush thereof directly to the outgoingline N, the current from the shunt-coils passing directly to theoutgoing line N without passing through the armature. The result of thisconstruction is that the series and shunt field-coils j and j firstreceive the current from the incomingline N, through which coils ittravels in the same direction in parallel, the armature K receiving itssupply of-current from the outgoing end of the. series coils j, and themaximum force and volume of current used to operate the machine maytherefore be instantly turned into the motor to start it under loadwithout the intervention of a rheostat or of other artificialresistance, as the current in passing through the fieldmagnet coils isfor a brief time so greatly retarded or absorbed in the magnetization ofthe field-magnets that at first it reaches the armature under suchcomparatively low tension that the armature will safely carry it untilit starts, the tension and volume of the current speedily thereafterrising to the maximum. This construction also operates to very speedilymagnetize the field-magnets to such a degree of saturation thattheyinstantly exert their maximum power upon the armature to start it.

The current controlling, switching, and reversing mechanism of my deviceconsists,

' preferably, of the cylinder M, of non-conducting material, mounted onjournals Z l, which operate in bearings '12, secured to a base a. On oneof the journals Z of the cylinder M, I secure a short lever O, to whichis pivoted the end of a push-bar O, the opposite end of which is pivotedto a like lever P, secured to the cam-shaft F of the elevator, so thatthe rotation of the cam-shaft F operates through the push-bar O torotate the cylinder M, as and for the purpose hereinaftenset forth.

Upon the base at I secure two binding-posts on and m, to which aresecured the incoming conducting-wire N and the outgoing conducting-wireN. The bearings Z and I extend into the ends of the cylinder M a shortdistance, but are insulated from each other, (see dotted lines in Figs.2 and 3,) and the incoming and outgoing conductors N and N areelectrically connected therewith.

On the surface of the cylinder M, I secure contact-plates a, b, c, and d(see Figs. 1 and 2) and 0. b 0 and (1 (See Figs. 1 and 2.) The plates aand a I connect electrically with the journal Z and the platesc and tiand e and (Z with the shaft Z, so that the incoming conductorNis atalltimes electrically connected with the contact-plates a a and theoutgoing conductor N with the contactplates 0 c and. (1 (P, the platesZ) and b 015,- erating as a bridge, as hereinafter set forth.

On the base n at the side of the cylinder M next to the incoming andoutgoing corl ductor binding-posts m and m I secure coritact-p'lates 1,2, 3, 4, and 5, adapted to make electrical contact with the plates a, b,0, anti (1 when the cylinder M is rotated in thatdi' rection far enoughto bring them together, and on the opposite side of the cylinder M, I

secure to the base a another set of contact I plates a, b, 0, (Z, and e,adapted to make electrical contact with the plates a b 0 and 1 when thecylinder M is rotated in that direction far enough to bring themt0gether,'so that each set of contact-plates. on the cylinder M may bebrought into electrical contact with its own set of contact-platessecured to the base at by rotating the cylinder M in the properdirection, or both sets of the plates on the cylinder M can be entirelyremoved out of electrical connection with the plates at b, 850., and 12, 850., according to the direction or distance the cylinder M isrotated by the I operation of the cam-shaft F. I also connectelectrically the plates or and 1, the contact-plates Z1 and 4, thecontact-plates c and 2, the contact'plates cl and 3, and thecontact-plates e and 5. (See dotted lines in Figs. 2 and 3.) To thecontact-plateatheingoing connecting-wires 6 and 7 of the series windingjand the shunt winding j of the field-magnets J J are secured, and fromthe series'coil j of the field-magnet J an outgoing connecting-wire 8extends to the contact-plate c, and from the shunt-coilj of thefieldemag net J an out-going connecting-wire 9 extends to thecontact-plate d, this wire 9 being however provided with an ordinarylever-switch 10, pivoted atone endto a suitable support and electricallyconnected with the wire 9,sothat the free end of the lever may be movedaround into contact with the end of a wire connected with the plate (Z,as illustrated in 7 Figs. 1, 2, and 3, and thereby conveying the currentfrom the wire 9 to the plate (1 or swung around out of contact with thewire leading to the plate (I and into contact with the wire leading tothe plate e, as illustrated by dotted lines in said Figs. 1, 2, and 3,so as to divert the current of the shunt fieldcoils from the plate (Iand convey'it to the plate e when it is desired to run the motor incompound both ways, and -from the contact-plate b a wire 11 connectswith the commutatorbrush 12, and from the contact-plate (Z awircshunt-coil j passing out on the wire 9, conact-plate d, andcontact-plate c and its con- ..zction with the shaft Z, while thecurrent rom the series coil passes over the outgoing ire 8 tocontact-plate c and over the bridgelate 11 on the cylinder M to thecontact-plate L, thence down wire 11 to commutator-brush 12,- whence thecurrent passes through the armature K and commutator 15 tocommututor-brush 14:, and out on wire 13 to contactplate d, and outthrough plate 0 and its connection with shaft l to the outgoing wire N,the difference of potential between the contact-plates a and d in thiscase being the full potential of current under which the motor operates.When, however, the cylinder M is rotated in the reverse direction, so asto bring the plates a, b, c, and d thereon into electrical contact withthe plates 1, 2, 3, 4,

and 5, the motor operates in series, as the.

switch 10 being turned so as to connect the outgoing shunt-conductor 9with the contact -plate (I, as illustrated in Fig. 5, the in-- comingcurrent from the wire N passes through the shaft Z and its connectionsto the plate 1, from whence it passes on connection 16 to contact-platea, and thence over ingoing wires 6 to and through series coils j andover outgoing wire 8 to contact-plate c, whence it passes overconnection 17 to contact-plate 2 and over bridge-plate b tocontact-plate 3, and thence through connection 18 to contact plate (Iand down in the reverse direction through wire 13 to commutator-brush14, and thence through the armature K and commum'utator-brush 12 and bywire 11 to contactplate b, and by connection 19 to contact-plate 4 andplate 0 and connections to shaft Z to outgoing wire N. In this case noperceptible current passes over the ingoing wire 7 and through shuntcoils j, the difference of potential between the contact-plates a and bin this case being the full potential of current under which the motoroperates. If, however, it is desired to run both ways in compound, thenby turning the switch 10 so as to connect the outgoing wire 9 with thecontact-plate e, as hereinbefore described, then the current passes fromthe contact-plate a on the ingoing wire '7 and through the shuntcoils jand over the outgoing wire 9 to the contact-plate e and contact-plate don the cylinder M and over its connections to the outgoing line N,andwhen the motor is reversed and run in the opposite direction, asabove described, then the current passes from the contact-plate 6 overthe wire 20 to contact-plate 5 and contact-plate d on the cylinder M andover its connections to the outgoing line N Thus when the motor is runin compound both ways the diiference of potential of the shunt-coils isat all times between the contact-plates a and e and of the series coilsbetween the contact-plates a and (1 when the motor runs in one directionand between the plates a and b when'the motor is run in the otherdirection.

In operation when the break-lever f rests in the notch f of the cam F onthe cam-shaft F the break f is in contact with the break-wheel E and theswitching-cylinder M stands at such point that neither set of platesthereon is in contact with the contact-plates on the base n and thecurrent is entirely out off the motor I. lVhen the operator, standing onthe elevator-platform, wishes to raise it, he pulls the hand-rope G,which rotates the camshaft F, lifting the break J" from the breakwheelvg, and simultaneously therewith rotates the switch-cylinder M, so as tobring the plates a, b, c, and (Z thereon into contact with thecontact-plates 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5, starting the motor and runningit inseries to raise the platform, and when he desires to stop he lifts up onthe hand-rope G until the break-lever f falls into place in the notch fin the cam F, which operation simultaneously rotates the cylinder M andmoves the plates 0., b, c, and 61' out of contact with the contactplates1, 2, 3,4, and 5, cutting off the current from the motor. When, however,the operator, standing on the platform, desires to lower it, he lifts upthe hand-rope G, which rotates the cam-shaft F in the oppositedirection, lifting the breakf off of the break-wheel E andsimultaneously therewith rotates the switchcylinder M in the reversedirection, so as to bring the plates a b 0 and d thereon into contactwith the contact-plates a, b, c, d, and 6, starting the motor andrunning it in compound to lower the platform, and when he desires tostop he pulls down on the hand-rope G until the break-lever f falls intothe notch f in the cam F, which simultaneously rotates the cylinder Mback until the current is turned off the motor, the same as hereinbeforedescribed. It will be observed that by means of this construction I amenabled to run the motor in compound both ways or in series inone-direction and in compound in the other direction. For example, whenraising the elevator with a load I can run the elevator in series or incompound, as desired, and when lowering the elevator-platform with aload I can run the motorin compound, and thereby maintain anexceedingly-high degree of magnetism in the field-magnets, so as todevelop a strong counter electro-motive force from any material increaseof speed of the rotation of the motor-armature, which, operating as abreak upon the motor, enables it to lower the loaded elevator atsubstantially the same speed as it raises it.

I have herein shown and described a convenient form of mechanism forutilizing my invention; but I do not limit myself to the exactconstruction and arrangement of parts shown and described, as

\Vhat I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent of theUnited States, is

1. The combination, in an electric elevator, of elevator mechanism andan electric motor having its field-magnet cores wound with coilsconnected in series with the motor-armature and also wound in the samedirection with coils shunted around the armature, said coils being bothconnected with the incoming conductor in amanner whereby the currentpasses from the outgoing end of the series coils to the armature,operatively geared to and actuatingsaid elevator mechanism, with acurrent controlling and reversing mechanism adapted to turn the currenton and off the motor and reverse its direction through the armature, andnon-rheostatted conductors between said current controlling andreversing mechanism and the motor, whereby the fullforce of the currentis turned directly into the motor to start it, substantially as and forthe purpose set forth.

2. The combination of an electric motor having an armature, field-magnetcores, a wire coil wound on each of said magnet-cores and connected inseries with the armature, a second wire coil' wound on each of saidmagnet-cores in the same direction as the first-named coils and shuntedaround the armature, said coils being connected up with the incoming andoutgoing linesin a manner whereby the current will traverse said coilsin the same direction in parallel with a our- 1 rent-controllingmechanism, and a non-rheo statted conductor between said current-con;trolling mechanism and said motor, substantially as and for the purposeset forth.

3. The combinatiomin an electric elevator, of elevator mechanism with acompoundwound electric motor operatively geared to and actuating saidelevator, and current switchingand reversing mechanism adapted to switchthe current into the motor so as to run it in series in one directionand to so switch the current as to reverse it through the armature as torun it in compound inthe opposite direction, substantially as and forthe purpose set forth.

4. The combination, in an electric elevator, of elevator mechanism andacompound-wound electric motoroperatively geared to andactuatingsaid'elevator, with current switchin gand reversing mechanismadapted to cut out the shunt field-coils for running the motor in seriesin one direction and to reverse the direction of the current through themotor-armature and restore the shunt field-coils in circuit for runningthe motor in compound in the opposite direction,and'break mechanismoperatively connected to said switching and reversing mechanism,adaptedto be operated from the elevatorcar or platformfor starting, stopping,or reversing said motor, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

5. The combination, in an electric elevator, of suitable elevatormechanism and a compound -wound electric motor operatively gearedthereto for actuating said elevator, with current reversing andswitching mechanism and elevator break mechanism operatively gearedtogether and operating simultaneously to switch the current into the serics field-coils alone and thence through the armature when the motorruns in one direction and to switch both series and shunt fie1d-' coilsinto circnitand reverse the direction of the current through themotor-armaturewhen the motor runs in the reverse or opposite di-'rection, substantially as and for the purpose set forth. I v

(3. The combination, in an electric elevator, of elevator mechanism andbreak mechanism for stopping said elevator, adapted to be operated fromthe elevator car or platform, with a com pound-wound electric motoroperati-vely geared to and actuating said elevator mechanism, andswitching and reversing mechanism geared to said elevator breakmechanism for starting, stopping, and reversing the motor and operatingsimultaneously therewith, and non-rheostatted connections between saidswitching and reversing mechanism and said motor, substantially as andfor the purpose set forth 7. The combination of a compound-woundelectric motor with a current switching and reversing mechanism adaptedto switch the current through the series field-coils alone and into themotor-armature in one direction for running the motor in series in onedirection and to switch both the series and shunt field-coils intocircuit and reverse thedirection of the current through the armature forrunning the motor in compound in the reverse or opposite direction,substantially as and for the purpose set forth. I

8. The combination, in an electric-current switching and reversingmechanism, of a cylinder of insulating material, as M, mounted upon ashaft consisting of sections, as Z and Z, secured in said cylinder so asto be insulated electrically from each other, contactplates a b c and ab and 0 secured to the surface ofsaid cylinder M, so that thecontactplates a and a are each connected electrically with theshaft-section Z, and the contact-plates d and d are also each connectedelectrically with the shaft-section Z, with contact-plates a, b, c, andd secured to. the base n and adapted to contact with the plates a b c onthe cylinder lVLcontatzt-plates 1, 2, 3, and 4:, secured to the base aand adapted to contact with the plates at b c on the cylinder M, anelectrical conductor 16 between the contact-plates a and 1, anelectrical connection, as 19, between the contact-plates b and 4, anelectrical connection, as 17, between the contactplates 0 and 2, and anelectrical connection, as 18,between the contact-plates d and 3,substantially as and for the purpose set forth 9. The combination, in anelectrical switching and reversing mechanism, of a cylinder ofinsulating material, as M, mounted upon a shaft consisting of sections,as Z and I, socured in said cylinder, contact-plates a, Z) c d and a U c(Z secured to the surface of said cylinder M, so that the contact-platesa and 2 are each connected electrically with the shaft-section Z, andthe contact-plates c and c and (Z and d are each connected electricallywith the simftfiectio: Z, with contact-plates a, b, 0, (Z, and e securedto the base at and. adapted to contact with the plates (1?, b 0 and d onthe cylinder M, contactplates 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5, secured to the base nand adapted to contact with the plates (1 b c" d on the cylinder M, anelectrical c0nnectton, as 18, eetween the contact-plates a and 1, anelectrical. connection, as 19, between the centacbplates b and 4, anelectrical connection, as 17, between the contact-plates c and 2, anelectrical connection, as 18,between the contnctplates d and 3, anelectrical connection, as 20, between the contact-plates e and 5, and aswitch 10 for connecting the wire 0 from the shnnt-coilsj, either withthe contactplate 6 or with the contact-plate d, as may be desired,substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

CARSON J. STURGEON. W'itnesses:

J OHN S. BILLING, H. T. IAVEDI.

